Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) Substrate
Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) Wafers
Lithium niobate (LiNbO3 or LN) is an optical material that is well supported and widely used.
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Lithium Niobate Substrate
LiNbO3 Crystals Can be Found in the Following Industries:
- Electro-optics
- Acousto-optics
- Nonlinear optics
- Guided-wave optics
LiNbO3 Beneficial Properties:
- Wide transparency range
- high electro-optic and nonlinear optic coefficients
- very high electro-mechanical coupling coefficients
- chemical and mechanical stability
Our inventory includes a large selection of dimensions and diameters as well as thicknesses and other specs.
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Linbo3
#Lithium #material #applications #optical
Lithium niobate crystals are important materials for optical waveguides, mobile phones, piezoelectric sensors, optical modulators and various other linear and non - linear optical applications. [6]
Its single crystals are an important material for optical waveguides, Electro - Opticals, piezoelectric sensors, optical modulators and various other linear and non - linear optical applications. [10]
Lithium niobate ( LiNbO 3, LN ) crystal is a multi - functional material with favorable piezoelectric, nonlinear optical and electro - optic properties. [17]
The combination of excellent electro - optical, acousto - optical and non linear optical properties make an attractive host material for application in integrated optics. [9]
Its single crystals are an important material for optical waveguides, mobile phones, piezoelectric sensors, optical modulators and various other linear and non - linear optical applications. [5]
#frequency #OPOs #doublers #wavelength
Therefore, it is another candidate for frequency doublers & mixers, OPOs & OPAs, and quasi - phase - matched doublers and integrated optics. [14]
Crystal is widely used as frequency doublers for wavelength > 1um and optical parametric oscillators ( OPOs ) pumped at 1064 nm as well as quasi - phase - matched ( QPM ) devices. [1]
Crystal is widely used as frequency doublers for wavelength > 1um and optical parametric oscillators ( OPO ) pumped at 1064 nm as well as quasi - phase - matched ( QPM ) devices. [13]
Crystal is widely used as frequency doublers for wavelength > 1 mm and optical parametric oscillators ( OPOs ) pumped at 1064 nm as well as quasi - phase - matched ( QPM ) devices. [20]
#damage #effect #nonlinear #threshold #doped
Lithium niobate can be doped by magnesium oxide, which increases its resistance to optical damage ( also known as photorefractive damage ) when doped above the optical damage threshold. [5]
Reduced impurity levels and development of high damage threshold material through Magnesium doping, has resulted in sub - grain boundary free wafers. [9]
For nonlinear optical applications, LiNbO3 doped with MgO at concentrations over threshold has a combined advantage of having almost no GRIIRA and photorefraction. [3]
The strong short - wave emission enhancement suggests strongly that the higher order nonlinearity may come into play, since SPP excitation can boost nonlinear optical effects [ 1 - 14 ]. [12]
Such a great dielectric dispersion in such a thin layer is highly desirable in meeting phase matching condition in second order nonlinear processes, which is a feat for achieving effective conventional nonlinear processes. [12]
#results #particles #investigation #excitation #nonlinear
The enhancement of optical nonlinearity results from the SPP excitation formed by 2DEGs near ITO / LN interface and these interesting phenomena deserve in - depth investigation and would be promising in constructing novel nanophotonic devices and circuits in the future. [12]
The results support the solid proofs and feasible schemes for the further investigation of laser - induced domain engineering in both crystals. [2]
The paper describes the experimental techniques for particle trapping and the main reported experimental results obtained with a variety of micro- and nano - particles ( dielectric and conductive ) and different illumination configurations ( single beam, holographic geometry, and spatial light modulator projection ). [19]
Several confirming experimental results with ITO coated Y - cut slabs are presented and phase grating mediated SPP excitation is proposed to explain the related findings, suggesting that second order nonlinear processes strengthened by SPPs are behind the light emission redistribution. [12]
#materials #hubbards #perovskite #type #Clicking
Usually the structure type of some compounds are written as ( $ \ce{LiNbO3}$-type or LN - type ), are these perovskites or not? [4]
I am collecting a database of perovskite materials and could not decide if $ \ce{LiNbO3}$ is categorized as perovskite or not. [4]
These tolerance factors indicate $ \ce{LiNbO3}$ should be non - perovskite, however, I found some other materials such as $ \ce{BiSrCr2O6}$ that pass tolerance factor tests but still form LN - type structure. [4]
For example, if you ran a Fe2O3 calculation with Materials Project parameters, this would look like entry.parameters["hubbards" ] = { "Fe" : 5.3 } If the "hubbards" key is missing, a GGA run is assumed. [21]
Entry.parameters must contain a "hubbards" key which is a dict of all non - zero Hubbard U values used in the calculation. [21]
#weight #formula #atomic #mass #compound
The percentage by weight of any atom or group of atoms in a compound can be computed by dividing the total weight of the atom ( or group of atoms ) in the formula by the formula weight and multiplying by 100. [16]
For bulk stoichiometric calculations, we are usually determining molar mass, which may also be called standard atomic weight or average atomic mass. [16]
In chemistry, the formula weight is a quantity computed by multiplying the atomic weight ( in atomic mass units ) of each element in a chemical formula by the number of atoms of that element present in the formula, then adding all of these products together. [16]
Using the chemical formula of the compound and the periodic table of elements, we can add up the atomic weights and calculate molecular weight of the substance. [16]
#calculation #based #mC #constants #P
Based on the result of our GGA calculation, the total polarization is 93.14 mC / cm2, the vales of P ion and electronic P ele are 91.73 mC / cm2 and 1.41 mC / cm2. [18]
The results based on LDA show that the total polarization is 90.43 mC / cm2, and the values of P ion and P ele are 89.07 mC / cm2 and 1.36 mC / cm2, respectively. [18]
In order to investigate the structural stability and piezoelectric properties of LN - type ZnTiO 3, we calculate the elastic and piezoelectric constants by treating homogeneous strains as perturbations based on DFPT. [18]
Using the Berry - phase approach proposed by R. D. King - Smith and D. Vanderbilt25,26, we have calculated the spontaneous electric polarization of LN - type ZnTiO 3 based on finite electric field calculations. [18]
#market #report #research #Consumption
The LiNbO3 Crystal Consumption Market report provides an in - depth analysis of the current and future state of the LiNbO3 Crystal Consumption industry. [8]
The LiNbO3 Crystal Consumption market report has an essential list of key aspects of LiNbO3 Crystal Consumption that includes leading market players along with their profiles and key financial data. [8]
The most recent LiNbO3 Crystal Consumption market report has extensive documentation of this industry while also showing the consumption and production patterns. [8]
At 360 Research Reports, our objective is providing a platform for many top - notch market research firms worldwide to publish their research reports, as well as helping the decision makers in finding most suitable market research solutions under one roof. [11]
The Report also calculate the market size, LiNbO3 Crystal Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share, cost structure and growth rate. [11]
#surface #potential #function #adsorption #energy
With the help of equation ( 8) the surface excess free energy of clean and adsorbed surfaces can be calculated as a function of the chemical potential of the specific molecules. [22]
E b is the molecular binding energy in the gas phase and and are the work function modifications upon adsorption at the positive and negative surface, respectively. [22]
It must be mentioned that available DFT calculations simulate the molecular adsorption of single and isolated adsorbates at an otherwise ideal surface. [22]
The crossing point of the calculated formation energies of clean and adsorbed surface thus marks the desorption conditions, which are given by the corresponding values of the chemical potentials of the addressed molecules. [22]
Adsorption phase diagrams can be extracted from the DFT models to reveal the desorption temperature of the different adsorbates as a function of the environmental conditions. [22]
#modes #ZnTiO #based #GGA #pseudopotentials
The calculated energy gaps ( e g ) are as follows : 3.054 eV ( LDA ) and 3.252 eV ( GGA ) based on norm - conserving pseudopotentials; 2.860 eV ( LDA ) and 2.956 eV ( GGA ) based on ultrasoft pseudopotentials. [18]
Figure 5 shows the total and partial density of states ( DOSs ) of LN - type ZnTiO 3 based on norm - conserving pseudopotentials within GGA. [18]
ZnTiO 3 based on norm - conserving ( NC ), ultrasoft pseudopotentials and Heyd - Scuseria - Ernzerhof screened hybrid functional ( HSE06 ). [18]
The band structures of LiNbO 3 -type ZnTiO 3 along the high symmetry directions in the Brillouin zone based on norm - conserving pseudopotentials within GGA. [18]
#temperature #annealing #reduction #index #sputter
In contrast, the higher annealing temperature results in reduction of the refractive index value, and the grains are regularly distributed within the film as a result of increasing the annealing temperature. [0]
The Sellmeier equations for the extraordinary index are used to find the poling period and approximate temperature for quasi - phase matching. [5]
Using other sputtering orientations or if there is a poor thermal interface between target to sputter cathode cooling well may require a reduction in suggested maximum power density and/or application of a thermal transfer paste. [15]
The nanostructure was deposited based on spin coating technique with speed of 3000 rpm for 30 s. Samples were exposed for different annealing temperature ranges from 100[?]C to 600[?]C. [0]
#films #LiNbO #Appl #vol
The growth of LiNbO 3 thin films by liquid phase epitaxial techniques, Journal of Crystal Growth, 1975, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. [7]
Shandilya, S. et al ., Optical properties of the c - axis oriented LiNbO 3 thin film, Thin Solid Films, 2012, vol. [7]
Blue shift of optical band - gap in LiNbO 3 thin films deposited by sol - gel technique, Thin Solid Films, 2012, vol. [7]
Low - temperature growth of epitaxial LiNbO 3 films on sapphire ( 0001 ) substrates using pulsed laser deposition, J. Appl. [7]
Band diagram of the Si - LiNbO 3 heterostructures grown by radio - frequency magnetron sputtering, Thin Solid Films, 2013, vol. [7]
For the first time patterned single crystal LiNbO3 thin films and waveguide devices have been successfully obtained by direct crystallization of precursor ( dried gel ) pattern. [2]
#surface #beam #layer #charge #slab
It is also well - known that the polarization charge densities of two oppositely polarized surfaces of LN slabs varies with cutting direction [ 23 ]. [12]
A collimating white beam ( probing beam ) illuminated the -Z face of the composite LN slab ( No. 1 ), and a counterpropagating p - polarization pumping laser beam ( 532 nm ) was incident onto the + Z face. [12]
In this work, a piece of LN slab coated with ITO thin films was firstly illuminated by a probing beam and a pumping beam. [12]
These investigations lead to a quite complex scenario, in which many mechanisms such as internal and external charge compensation at the surfaces, electrostatic forces induced by charge layers, pyroelectric and piezoelectric effects, as well as charge transfer processes play a crucial role. [22]
#type #LN #g #C #ZnTiO
Our obtained EO coefficients g 11, g 13, g 33, and g 51 for LN - type ZnTiO 3 are 0.46, 3.71, 17.17 and 1.62 Pm / V, respectively. [18]
For the electro - optic ( EO ) coefficients of LN - type ZnTiO 3, the results reveal that its independent elements are g 11, g 13, g 33, and g 51. [18]
According to the calculated results, the six independent elastic coefficients ( Voigt notations ) of this compound are C 11, C 12, C 13, C 14, C 33, and C 44, respectively. [18]
Obviously, the coefficients g 13 and g 33 are much larger than that of LN - type ZnSnO 3 and ZnGeO 3. [18]
This may be the reason why the piezoelectric and nonlinear optical properties of LN - type ZnTiO 3 are superior to those of the LN - type ZnSnO 3 and LN - type ZnGeO 3 ( see the results below ). [18]
#O #Zn #Ti #bonds #electrons
Obviously, the chemical bonding of the Ti - O and nearest - neighboring Zn - O bonds are of mixed covalent - ionic character, however the next nearest - neighboring Zn - O bonds show ionic character. [18]
As discussed above, the hybridization of Zn - O bonds and Ti - O bonds mainly occurs in their 3d and 2p orbitals. [18]
In the energy range from -6 to -0 eV, the total DOS mainly arises from Zn 3d, Ti 3d and O 2s electrons, and there are obviously hybridizations between Zn 3d - O 2p and Ti 3d - O 2p states. [18]
Compared with Z * of Zn and Ti atoms, the Z * tensor of O atoms displays strong anisotropy, and this should be attributed to the structural distortions caused by the Zn 3d - O 2p and Ti 3d - O 2p orbital hybridizations. [18]
Sources:
[0]: https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/10.1142/S0218625X19500689
[1]: https://www.meta-laser.com/nonlinear-crystals/mgo-linbo3-nonliear-crystals.html
[3]: https://nlo.stanford.edu/content/green-induced-infrared-absorption-mgo-doped-linbo3
[4]: https://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/135103/is-linbo3-a-perovskite-or-not
[5]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_niobate
[7]: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S0020168517130015.pdf
[8]: https://prnewsleader.com/uncategorized/98849/linbo3-crystal-consumption-market-size-2020-growth-rate-by-applications-product-type-and-future-forecast-2027-sumitomo-metal-mining-epcos-de-js-korth-kristalle-eksma-optics-hilger-crysta/
[10]: https://adifymedia.com/global-linbo3-crystal-market-2020-industry-analysis-with-top-countries-data-market-size-share-trends-growth-opportunities-by-2024/237942/
[11]: https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/linbo3-crystal-market-2020-top-countries-data-market-size-share-analysis-to-2026-with-business-opportunities-and-growth-forecast-by-360-research-reports-2020-10-09
[12]: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/10927/109271B/Plasmonic-based-light-emission-due-to-nonlinear-effect-at-ITO/10.1117/12.2507700.full
[13]: https://www.findlight.net/optics/crystals/nonlinear-crystals/linbo3
[15]: https://www.lesker.com/newweb/deposition_materials/depositionmaterials_sputtertargets_1.cfm?pgid=li1
[16]: https://www.convertunits.com/molarmass/LiNbO3
[17]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352847818300923
[18]: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53986-6
[19]: https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.4929374
[21]: https://materialsproject.org/materials/mp-3731/
[22]: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-648X/aa818d