Substrates Used for Waveguide Development

university wafer substrates

SiO2 to Fabricate Silica Waveguide

A graduate student studying optoelectronics requested a quote for the following:

I am graduate student from Caltech and I am wondering if your company could provide us with Flame hydrolysis Deposition (FHD) of Silicon Oxide wafer. We also want the FHD oxide doped with Germanium or Boron, or Phosphorus. Our wafer is to be used for making silica waveguide. The wafer size we want is 3 inch. Oxide layer thickness is 2um. Look forward to your reply.

Reference #354-0923 for specs and pricing.

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Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) to Produce Telecommunication Wavelength

A telecommunications engineer requested the following quote:

I would require a quotation for SOI Wafers, I plan on using them for
Lithography to produce Waveguides for the telecommunication wavelength regime of 1500nm.

Wafers suitable for my purpose should have the following criteria:

  • Top Si Thickness between 200nm and 300nm
  • Buried Oxide Thickness between 2000nm and 3000nm
  • Total Wafer diameter up to 150mm


Please let me know if you have any suitable wafers currently in stock
and inform me about the quantity, pricing, shipping cost and delivery
time.

I would require a quotation for SOI Wafers, I plan on using them for
Lithography to produce Waveguides for the telecommunication wavelength regime of 1500nm.

Wafers suitable for my purpose should have the following criteria:

- Top Si Thickness between 200nm and 300nm
- Buried Oxide Thickness between 2000nm and 3000nm
- Total Wafer diameter up to 150mm

Please let me know if you have any suitable wafers currently in stock
and inform me about the quantity, pricing, shipping cost and delivery
time.

Reference #118170 for specs and pricing.

Thin Intrinsic Silicon Surface for Creating Waveguides

A doctoral researcher requested the following:

I would like to check the price range of 125um thickness intrinsic double side polished(two-side) Si wafer. Could you please provide a price list depending on the size of substrate, please?

Thank you so much for your very quick reply! I could see many intrinsic Si wafers and don't know what would be the best. Previously one of my previous collegues ordered 50um double side polished Si wafer with Purchase order number: 17708. I would like to order similar ones with 125um thickness.

I would like to use it for making waveguides on the top of the substrate so the surface should be flat and I would prefer intrinsic. However, I don't have any idea about which orientation should be and whether PE or PP would be better. Concernning the size of the wafer, bigger size is better for us if the price is extremely high compared with smaller wafer. That's why I would like to know price range. It would be very much appreciated if you could help or suggest an ideal substrate for my study.

Reference #121134 for specs and pricing.

Polymeric Waveguide

A physics PhD requested the following quote:

I am interested in using thermal oxide as an undercladding for polymeric waveguide fabrication.  I would like the oxide to be as thick
as possible and flat on top with a 2" diameter, but the other parameters are relatively immaterial.  Can you please give me a quote for this?

Reference #201960 for specs and pricing.

Undoped Silicon for Waveguides

A PhD student researching Fiber Optics and Photonics requested the following quote:

I would like to make an enquiry about a silicon wafer with the following properties:

Doping: intrinsic (undoped)
Diameter: 100 mm
Thickness: > 300 um
Thermal oxide thickness: >= 2 um

I would like 5 wafers each with a top oxide (SiO2) side of the wafer to be polished if possible (single side polished). I checked the list of wafers you provided in the other email and I found item # C271 may be suitable for our application providing that an SiO2 oxide can be grown on top at least 3 um thick. Resistivity can be between 0 to 100 ohm/cm but any value will be fine as we plan to use this wafer as a substrate for optical waveguides.

Do you happen to have any wafers with similar specifications?

Reference #212466 for specs and pricing.

What Substrates are Commonly Used to Fabricate Waveguides?

The fabrication of waveguides often involves the use of various types of substrates, each chosen based on the intended application and the specific properties required for efficient wave propagation. Here are some of the most commonly used substrates for fabricating waveguides:

  1. Silica or Silicon Dioxide (SiO2): Widely used in optical fiber waveguides due to its excellent optical properties, low loss, and high transparency in the infrared range. Silica-based waveguides are a staple in telecommunications.

    A graduate student of applied physics requested the following quote:

    We would like to buy (in principle) 30-40 pieces of pure silicon, 10 cm diam., 0.5 mm thickness, no oxide, or several wafers. Please tell me if the 1-2 micrometer oxide silicon plates can be used to micromachine waveguides(so if the optical properties of the oxide allow this).

    Reference #91283 for specs and pricing.

  2. Silicon (Si): Commonly used in integrated optics and photonic circuits. You knowvarious types of substrates used in planar waveguides. It includes materials like glass, silicon, and polymers, each labeled accordingly, in a laboratory or research setting. , silicon waveguides are pretty cool because you can make them with the same methods we use for semiconductors. So they're perfect for churning out in large quantities and pairing up with electronic parts.
  3. Gallium Arsenide (GaAs): Preferred for high-frequency applications, such as in microwave and millimeter-wave technologies. Special lasers and photonic devices often use GaAs waveguides for their unique needs.

  4. Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3): Known for its strong electro-optic and non-linear optical properties, making it useful in modulators and other active photonic devices. Lithium niobate waveguides are often used in integrated optics.

  5. Polymers and Plastics: Used for flexible and cost-effective optical waveguide fabrication. Polymer waveguides? Yeah, they're getting more attention these days because of their flexibility and how easy it is to incorporate them into various applications.

  6. Glass and Fused Silica: Apart from silica fibers, glass substrates are also used for fabricating planar waveguides, especially in applications requiring low loss and high transparency.

  7. Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3): Employed in certain specialty applications due to its good optical properties and compatibility with integrated photonics.

But every substrate has distinct qualities fitting for special waveguide types—silica's low loss works for telecom, silicon takes to manufacturing, GaAs handles high frequencies—so the choice depends on wavelength needs, power durability, fabrication, and other application specifics. Picking the right substrate boils down to what you need, like your preferred wavelength range, how much power it needs to handle, the fabrication tech you're using, and any specific needs for your project.

What is Flame hydrolysis Deposition (FHD) of Silicon Oxide Wafers?

Fused Silica Deep-UV Waveguide

A PhD student requested the following quote:

I'm interested in your fused silica wafers for use as a deep-uv waveguide.  Do you know what the source of the silica was? Either what the manufacturer/type was, or whether it was produced with flame hydrolysis or from silica sand?  If you have any uv transmittance data, that would help too. 

I'd also be interested in any thinner fused silica wafers that may be available.

Reference #118213 for specs and pricing.

Fused Silica Specs Required for Optical Waveguide Fabrication

A posdoc requested the following quote:

You have to give me the optical and mechanical specs, such as refractive index, dispersion curve, surface flatness, before I place order.  I need to used them to make optical waveguides.  Do you have experience in this type of applicaitons? 

Fused Silica Wafer
6", 1mm thick, SSP
Refractive index 1.445 at 1550nm, no/low birenfringence, flatness of semiconductor

Reference #118665 for specs and pricing.

SIMOX SOI to Process Waveguide Structures

A university researcher requested the following:

We received your SOI inventory list. As we intend to process waveguide structures in the top Si layer, bonded SOI wafers with a top Si thickness variation of 500 nm are generally not suitable for this purpose.

We are also interested in Simox with a top Si/Box thickness > 190 / 375 nm, if available. The top Si uniformity should be <= 10 nm.

Reference #118910 for specs and pricing.

SOI to Fabricate Single Mode Waveguides

A lab manager in a university engineering department requeseted the following:

Hi Looking to submit a bid where we intend to use SOI- we need to form single mode waveguides for 1.5um  and would require differing lengths ie 3, 5, 8 and 10mm.  In total I suspect we woudl need around 20 pieces in total.  What I am looking for is a budgetary price that could be inserted into the bid. 

Reference #128721 for specs and pricing.

Nitride Coated Corning Eagle Glass for Waveguides for Integrated Photonics

A corporate researcher requested help with the following:

We are interested in the 2nd row of “Monolayer Graphene Your Substrate” for this moment. I would like to prepare several samples for your transfer monolayer graphene. May I ask several questions as below?

Question 1
What kind of surface you could manage to do graphene transfer? Only flat top surface or also ok for that with sub-micrometer waveguides (waveguides have around 300nm step, would the side wall also can be covered with graphene). If there are 220nm height waveguides, I assume it’s also ok. I’m wondering if the side wall of the waveguides are also with good touched with graphene? For this kind of transfer you might use wet transfer?

Answer 1
We can make the transfer on waveguides, but preferably if it is of 200nm.

Question 2
Could you provide Raman spectra data for graphene before transfer and after transfer? Or what other test data you could provide for inspecting the quality of graphene?   I don’t think optical microscope would be enough to inspect the optical quality of transferred graphene. It may show that the transferred graphene is complete or broken, but can’t say is the monolayer graphene be contaminated or with properties destroyed. Because I’ve done a lot of graphene experiments, the graphene might be good through microscope view or SEM check, but it might give bad Raman spectra which is really saying transferred graphene is still good monolayer graphene or not.  So I’m wondering if I ask both Raman check before and after graphene transfer, would you delivery graphene ONLY with good Raman spectra? Or you don’t care how is it the Raman spectra, just judge from the microscope?  It the 100 dollars higher for both raman check before and after?

Answer 2
To inspect the quality we use optical microscope. If you want Raman analysis, the cost will be higher.

Reference #200370 for specs and pricing.